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We believe everything in the universe is made of one, and only one, type of particle. There are many, many particles, and all of the particles are spherical, have the same diameter, and are exactly alike.
The particles all have the same mass. The mass of each entity in the universe is determined by how many particles make up the entity. The particles move and thus the particles have energy. The only energy in the universe is the energy of the motion of the particles. The particles collide, and repeated collisions are what cause forces. The mechanical forces we observe, the gravitation forces, the electrostatic forces, the magnetic forces, and even the forces holding nucleon together are all the result of repeated collisions with this one basic type of particle.
The particles moving to and fro make up a gas which extends forever in all three directions of space; up-down, left-right, and forward-aft. The particles have been here forever in the past and we expect them to be here forever in the future.
The majority of space is populated by a uniform density of particles. However, in each small region of space there is a portion of the region which has a tornado-like assemblage of these particles. Each assembly involves a billion, billion, billion, billion basic particles. These assemblages are formed from the background gas of particles, much as tornadoes are assembled from the background atmospheric gas. These assemblages are neutrinos, and they travel at a speed of only one-tenth the speed of “sound” in the background gas. The translational speed of these assemblages, of course, is the speed of light since the assemblages are neutrinos. The assemblages are stable. They live for billions of years.
The neutrinos propel themselves through space by taking background gas into their front and expelling it out the back. The gas spirals in the front with a counter-clockwise or a clockwise circulation about the propagation velocity, and the circular flow can be once, twice, or thrice completely around the propagation velocity vector. Thus, there are six types of neutrinos, two spin directions and three circulation amounts. The neutrinos occur in a wide range of masses. The largest is more than a billion times larger than the smallest.
The neutrinos are very small and travel long distances without colliding with each other. However, they do collide. Occasionally a large neutrino will collide with a neutrino having the mass equal to the mass of a proton. Often such a collision will result in the neutrino having the mass of a proton being thrown into a circular orbit. When this happens the orbiting neutrino becomes a proton. Furthermore, the process forms an electron, and the electron orbits the proton to produce a hydrogen atom.
Hydrogen atoms have gravitational fields so that as they are formed they are attracted to each other to form stars. The stars keep growing and start producing larger atoms by fusion. As a star continues to grow it eventually explodes and spews out planets, moons, asteroids, and interstellar dust.
Certain size planets orbiting certain size stars begin evolving organisms. No matter how complex the things we see and experience, always remember everything came from the “sea” of identical basic particles which pervades the universe.
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