The classical mechanics of perfectly elastic hard identical spherical particles was rigorously developed two centuries ago and is thoroughly presented in today’s literature.  However, there is not a single source which begins with fundamentals and presents the complete hard identical particle mechanics isolated from the many variations from the basic theory.  Such variations include quantum particles instead of “billiard ball” particles, relativistic effects, a multitude of different interactive forces, and the list goes on.
            My first unanswered question about mechanics arose when I was an undergraduate studying mechanical engineering at West Virginia University.  I attempted to find a non-circular definition of force – but to no avail.  Several decades later I discovered that all forces are due to the repeated collisions of the basic particles making up all the contents of the universe (GUT 29-32, 23-26, 36-40). That was a satisfying answer to me. Along the way I spent time delineating the foundations of the classical mechanics of the subject particles.
           I have presented the foundations of the classical mechanics of identical hard, elastic, smooth, spherical particles in the three documents: Brutino Physics - Second Edition (7-44), Principles of Science (77-98), and Fundamentals of Physics (69-107) .  Rest frames of reference, mass, length, motion, and time are carefully defined in these documents.  Then, the conservation laws of mechanics and Newton's equations of motion are derived. In most textbooks the conservation and Newton equations are postulated rather than derived from more fundamental postulates.
            An applied mechanics engineer also could be interested in the mechanical explanation of everything which occurs in the universe as presented in the Grand Unified Theory of Physics.  I particularly would have been interested in the mechanical mechanism for producing attractive forces such as by electrostatics and gravitation.

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